home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
- Subject: History --Brown v. Board of Education
-
- Brown v. Board of Education
-
-
- In 1896 the Supreme Court had held in Plessy v. Ferguson that racial
- segregation was permissible as long as equal facilities were provided for
- both races. Although that decision involved only passenger accommodations on
- a rail road, the principle of "separate but equal" was applied thereafter to
- all aspects of public life in states with large black populations.
-
-
- Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, decided on May 17, 1954, was
- one of the most important cases in the history of the U.S. Supreme Court.
- Linda Brown had been denied admission to an elementary school in Topeka
- because she was black. Brought together under the Brown designation were
- companion cases from South Carolina, Virginia, and Delaware, all of which
- involved the same basic question: Does the equal protection clause of the
- 14th Amendment prohibit racial segregation in the public schools?
-
- It was not until the late 1940's that the Court began to insist on equality
- of treatment, but it did not squarely face the constitutionality of the
- "separate but equal" doctrine until it decided the Brown case. In a brief,
- unanimous opinion delivered by Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Court declared
- that: "separate education facilities are inherently unequal" and that racial
- segregation violates the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. In a
- moving passage, the chief justice argued that separating children in the
- schools solely on racial grounds "generates a felling of inferiority as to
- their status in the community that may affect their hearts and minds in a way
- unlikely to be undone." Although the decision did not bring about total
- integration of blacks in the schools, it resulted in efforts by many school
- systems to remove the imbalance by busing students. The Court's decision had
- far reaching effects, influencing civil rights legislation and the civil
- rights movement of the 1960's.
-
-
-